Washington sources reported that the space agency's Human Research Program (HRP) used ground based analogs, laboratories, and the International Space Station (ISS), to evaluate human performance and countermeasures required for the exploration of Mars, expected to be in 2030s. Meanwhile the team divided the hazards into five classifications radiation; isolation and confinement; distance from Earth; gravity and hostile or closed environments.



NASA said in a statement on Monday "Above Earth's natural protection, radiation exposure increases cancer risk, damages the central nervous system, can alter cognitive function, reduce motor function and prompt behavioral changes". Furthermore to mitigate this, deep space vehicles will have significant protective shielding, dosimetry, and alerts.

Image result for Astronauts can encounter on a continual basis on Red Planet: NASA

Accordingly sleep loss, circadian desynchronisation, and work overload compound issue isolated and confined and may lead to performance decrements, adverse health outcomes, and compromised mission objectives. Moreover another hazard is the distance from Earth and the spacecraft bound to Mars will include important habitability factors such as temperature, pressure, lighting, noise, and quantity of space. Hence it is essential that astronauts are getting the requisite food, sleep and exercise needed to stay healthy and happy.


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